言語は、人間が用いる意志伝達手段であり、社会集団内で形成習得され、意志を相互に伝達することや、抽象的な思考を可能にし、結果として人間の社会的活動や文化的活動を支えている。
言語一覧
| 言語 | Language Native name | Language name JP | Language family | ISO 639-1 | ISO 639-2/B | ISO 639-2/T | ISO 639-3 | ISO 639-5 | Language Scope | Language Type | native speakers |
number of speakers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| English | English | 英語 | Indo-European | en | eng | eng | eng | Individual | Living | 379,000,000 | 1,132,000,000 | |
| Mandarin Chinese | cmn | 918,000,000 | 1,116,000,000 | |||||||||
| Hindi | हिन्दी | ヒンディー語 | Indo-European | hi | hin | hin | hin | Individual | Living | 341,000,000 | 615,400,000 | |
| Spanish | español, castellano | スペイン語 | Indo-European | es | spa | spa | spa | Individual | Living | 480,000,000 | 534,300,000 | |
| French | français | フランス語 | Indo-European | fr | fre | fra | fra | Individual | Living | 77,200,000 | 279,800,000 | |
| Arabic | العَرَبِيَّة | アラビア語 | Afro-Asiatic | ar | ara | ara | ara | Macrolanguage | Living | 273,900,000 | ||
| Bengali | বাংলা | ベンガル語 | Indo-European | bn | ben | ben | ben | Individual | Living | 228,000,000 | 265,000,000 | |
| Russian | русский язык | ロシア語 | Indo-European | ru | rus | rus | rus | Individual | Living | 154,000,000 | 258,200,000 | |
| Portuguese | português | ポルトガル語 | Indo-European | pt | por | por | por | Individual | Living | 221,000,000 | 234,100,000 | |
| Indonesian | bahasa Indonesia | インドネシア語 | Austronesian | id | ind | ind | ind | Individual | Living | 43,400,000 | 198,700,000 | |
| Urdu | اُردُو | ウルドゥー語 | Indo-European | ur | urd | urd | urd | Individual | Living | 68,600,000 | 170,200,000 | |
| German | Deutsch | ドイツ語 | Indo-European | de | ger | deu | deu | Individual | Living | 76,100,000 | 132,100,000 | |
| Japanese | 日本語 | 日本語 | Japonic | ja | jpn | jpn | jpn | Individual | Living | 128,000,000 | 128,300,000 | |
| Swahili | Kiswahili | スワヒリ語 | Niger–Congo | sw | swa | swa | swa | Macrolanguage | Living | 98,300,000 | ||
| Marathi | मराठी | マラーティー語 | Indo-European | mr | mar | mar | mar | Individual | Living | 83,100,000 | 95,300,000 | |
| Telugu | తెలుగు | テルグ語 | Dravidian | te | tel | tel | tel | Individual | Living | 82,000,000 | 93,000,000 | |
| Lahnda | بھارت کا | ラフンダー語 | lah | lah | lah | Macrolanguage | Living | 92,700,000 | 92,700,000 | |||
| Wu Chinese | wuu | 81,400,000 | 81,500,000 | |||||||||
| Tamil | தமிழ் | タミル語 | Dravidian | ta | tam | tam | tam | Individual | Living | 75,000,000 | 81,000,000 | |
| Turkish | Türkçe | トルコ語 | Turkic | tr | tur | tur | tur | Individual | Living | 79,400,000 | 79,700,000 | |
| Korean | 한국어 | 朝鮮語 | Koreanic | ko | kor | kor | kor | Individual | Living | 77,300,000 | 77,200,000 | |
| Vietnamese | Tiếng Việt | ベトナム語 | Austroasiatic | vi | vie | vie | vie | Individual | Living | 76,000,000 | 76,900,000 | |
| Yue Chinese | yue | 73,100,000 | 73,500,000 | |||||||||
| Javanese | ꦧꦱꦗꦮ | ジャワ語 | Austronesian | jv | jav | jav | jav | Individual | Living | 68,300,000 | 68,200,000 | |
| Italian | italiano, lingua italiana | イタリア語 | Indo-European | it | ita | ita | ita | Individual | Living | 64,800,000 | 67,800,000 | |
| Egyptian Arabic | arz | 64,600,000 | 64,600,000 | |||||||||
| Hausa | Harshen Hausa, هَرْشَن | ハウサ語 | Afro-Asiatic | ha | hau | hau | hau | Individual | Living | 43,900,000 | 63,400,000 | |
| Thai | ภาษาไทย | タイ語 | Tai–Kadai | th | tha | tha | tha | Individual | Living | 20,700,000 | 60,600,000 | |
| Gujarati | ગુજરાતી | グジャラート語 | Indo-European | gu | guj | guj | guj | Individual | Living | 56,400,000 | 60,500,000 | |
| Kannada | ಕನ್ನಡ | カンナダ語 | Dravidian | kn | kan | kan | kan | Individual | Living | 43,600,000 | 56,400,000 | |
| Persian | فارسی | ペルシア語 | Indo-European | fa | per | fas | fas | Macrolanguage | Living | 52,700,000 | ||
| Bhojpuri | भोजपुरी | ボージュプリー語 | bho | bho | bho | Individual | Living | 52,200,000 | 52,400,000 | |||
| Filipino | Wikang Filipino | フィリピン語 | fil | fil | fil | Individual | Living | 45,000,000 | ||||
| Beja | Bidhaawyeet | ベジャ語 | bej | bej | bej | Individual | Living | |||||
| Ormu | orz | |||||||||||
| Lika | lik | |||||||||||
| Green Gelao | giq | |||||||||||
| Yocoboué Dida | gud | |||||||||||
| Uto-Aztecan languages | azc | |||||||||||
| Baruga | bjz | |||||||||||
| Tuscarora | tus | |||||||||||
| Eastern Frisian | Seeltersk | オストフリース語 | frs | frs | frs | Individual | Living | |||||
| Puebla Mazatec | pbm | |||||||||||
| Lombi | lmi | |||||||||||
| Lewo | lww | |||||||||||
| Gane | gzn | |||||||||||
| Bulgebi | bmp | |||||||||||
| Thaypan | typ | |||||||||||
| Interlingua | インターリングア | Constructed | ia | ina | ina | ina | Individual | Constructed | ||||
| Phuong | phg | |||||||||||
| Texistepec Popoluca | poq | |||||||||||
| Mambai | mcs | |||||||||||
| Halang Doan | hld | |||||||||||
| Broome Pearling Lugger Pidgin | bpl | |||||||||||
| Unserdeutsch | uln | |||||||||||
| Luxembourgish | Lëtzebuergesch | ルクセンブルク語 | Indo-European | lb | ltz | ltz | ltz | Individual | Living | |||
| Plateau Malagasy | plt | |||||||||||
| Zo'é | pto | |||||||||||
| North Mofu | mfk | |||||||||||
| Nhirrpi | hrp | |||||||||||
| Abinomn | bsa | |||||||||||
| Buhutu | bxh | |||||||||||
| Ura (Vanuatu) | uur | |||||||||||
| Waddar | wbq | |||||||||||
| Osage | Wazhazhe ie / 𐓏𐓘𐓻𐓘𐓻𐓟 𐒻𐓟 | オセージ語 | osa | osa | osa | Individual | Living | |||||
| Yauyos Quechua | qux | |||||||||||
| Miami | mia | |||||||||||
| Islander Creole English | icr | |||||||||||
| Bun | buv | |||||||||||
| Chortí | caa | |||||||||||
| Miwa | vmi | |||||||||||
| Wakawaka | wkw | |||||||||||
| Southern Sami | Åarjelsaemien gïele | 南部サーミ語 | sma | sma | sma | Individual | Living | |||||
| Réunion Creole French | rcf | |||||||||||
| Konyanka Maninka | mku | |||||||||||
| Imbongu | imo | |||||||||||
| Jina | jia | |||||||||||
| Eastern Khumi Chin | cek | |||||||||||
| Warapu | wra | |||||||||||
| Marma | rmz | |||||||||||
| Southern Mnong | mnn | |||||||||||
| Aruamu | msy | |||||||||||
| I-Wak | iwk | |||||||||||
| Jirel | jul | |||||||||||
| Chilcotin | clc | |||||||||||
| Aghwan | xag | |||||||||||
| Sake | sak | |||||||||||
| Mbelime | mql | |||||||||||
| Massep | mvs | |||||||||||
| Kobiana | kcj | |||||||||||
| Chinese Pidgin English | cpi | |||||||||||
| Gudang | xgd | |||||||||||
| Pará Arára | aap | |||||||||||
| Sherdukpen | sdp | |||||||||||
| Kolibugan Subanon | skn | |||||||||||
| Anfillo | myo | |||||||||||
| Kukele | kez | |||||||||||
| Wayanad Chetti | ctt | |||||||||||
| Mushungulu | xma | |||||||||||
| Adonara | adr |