言語は、人間が用いる意志伝達手段であり、社会集団内で形成習得され、意志を相互に伝達することや、抽象的な思考を可能にし、結果として人間の社会的活動や文化的活動を支えている。
言語一覧
| 言語 | Language Native name | Language name JP | Language family | ISO 639-1 | ISO 639-2/B | ISO 639-2/T | ISO 639-3 | ISO 639-5 | Language Scope | Language Type | native speakers |
number of speakers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| English | English | 英語 | Indo-European | en | eng | eng | eng | Individual | Living | 379,000,000 | 1,132,000,000 | |
| Mandarin Chinese | cmn | 918,000,000 | 1,116,000,000 | |||||||||
| Hindi | हिन्दी | ヒンディー語 | Indo-European | hi | hin | hin | hin | Individual | Living | 341,000,000 | 615,400,000 | |
| Spanish | español, castellano | スペイン語 | Indo-European | es | spa | spa | spa | Individual | Living | 480,000,000 | 534,300,000 | |
| French | français | フランス語 | Indo-European | fr | fre | fra | fra | Individual | Living | 77,200,000 | 279,800,000 | |
| Arabic | العَرَبِيَّة | アラビア語 | Afro-Asiatic | ar | ara | ara | ara | Macrolanguage | Living | 273,900,000 | ||
| Bengali | বাংলা | ベンガル語 | Indo-European | bn | ben | ben | ben | Individual | Living | 228,000,000 | 265,000,000 | |
| Russian | русский язык | ロシア語 | Indo-European | ru | rus | rus | rus | Individual | Living | 154,000,000 | 258,200,000 | |
| Portuguese | português | ポルトガル語 | Indo-European | pt | por | por | por | Individual | Living | 221,000,000 | 234,100,000 | |
| Indonesian | bahasa Indonesia | インドネシア語 | Austronesian | id | ind | ind | ind | Individual | Living | 43,400,000 | 198,700,000 | |
| Urdu | اُردُو | ウルドゥー語 | Indo-European | ur | urd | urd | urd | Individual | Living | 68,600,000 | 170,200,000 | |
| German | Deutsch | ドイツ語 | Indo-European | de | ger | deu | deu | Individual | Living | 76,100,000 | 132,100,000 | |
| Japanese | 日本語 | 日本語 | Japonic | ja | jpn | jpn | jpn | Individual | Living | 128,000,000 | 128,300,000 | |
| Swahili | Kiswahili | スワヒリ語 | Niger–Congo | sw | swa | swa | swa | Macrolanguage | Living | 98,300,000 | ||
| Marathi | मराठी | マラーティー語 | Indo-European | mr | mar | mar | mar | Individual | Living | 83,100,000 | 95,300,000 | |
| Telugu | తెలుగు | テルグ語 | Dravidian | te | tel | tel | tel | Individual | Living | 82,000,000 | 93,000,000 | |
| Lahnda | بھارت کا | ラフンダー語 | lah | lah | lah | Macrolanguage | Living | 92,700,000 | 92,700,000 | |||
| Wu Chinese | wuu | 81,400,000 | 81,500,000 | |||||||||
| Tamil | தமிழ் | タミル語 | Dravidian | ta | tam | tam | tam | Individual | Living | 75,000,000 | 81,000,000 | |
| Turkish | Türkçe | トルコ語 | Turkic | tr | tur | tur | tur | Individual | Living | 79,400,000 | 79,700,000 | |
| Korean | 한국어 | 朝鮮語 | Koreanic | ko | kor | kor | kor | Individual | Living | 77,300,000 | 77,200,000 | |
| Vietnamese | Tiếng Việt | ベトナム語 | Austroasiatic | vi | vie | vie | vie | Individual | Living | 76,000,000 | 76,900,000 | |
| Yue Chinese | yue | 73,100,000 | 73,500,000 | |||||||||
| Javanese | ꦧꦱꦗꦮ | ジャワ語 | Austronesian | jv | jav | jav | jav | Individual | Living | 68,300,000 | 68,200,000 | |
| Italian | italiano, lingua italiana | イタリア語 | Indo-European | it | ita | ita | ita | Individual | Living | 64,800,000 | 67,800,000 | |
| Egyptian Arabic | arz | 64,600,000 | 64,600,000 | |||||||||
| Hausa | Harshen Hausa, هَرْشَن | ハウサ語 | Afro-Asiatic | ha | hau | hau | hau | Individual | Living | 43,900,000 | 63,400,000 | |
| Thai | ภาษาไทย | タイ語 | Tai–Kadai | th | tha | tha | tha | Individual | Living | 20,700,000 | 60,600,000 | |
| Gujarati | ગુજરાતી | グジャラート語 | Indo-European | gu | guj | guj | guj | Individual | Living | 56,400,000 | 60,500,000 | |
| Kannada | ಕನ್ನಡ | カンナダ語 | Dravidian | kn | kan | kan | kan | Individual | Living | 43,600,000 | 56,400,000 | |
| Persian | فارسی | ペルシア語 | Indo-European | fa | per | fas | fas | Macrolanguage | Living | 52,700,000 | ||
| Bhojpuri | भोजपुरी | ボージュプリー語 | bho | bho | bho | Individual | Living | 52,200,000 | 52,400,000 | |||
| Filipino | Wikang Filipino | フィリピン語 | fil | fil | fil | Individual | Living | 45,000,000 | ||||
| Gwa | gwb | |||||||||||
| Pa'o Karen | blk | |||||||||||
| Turiwára | twt | |||||||||||
| Taje | pee | |||||||||||
| Aimele | ail | |||||||||||
| Logo | log | |||||||||||
| Mbo (Cameroon) | mbo | |||||||||||
| Helong | heg | |||||||||||
| Bora | boa | |||||||||||
| Ugandan Sign Language | ugn | |||||||||||
| Piya-Kwonci | piy | |||||||||||
| Puri | prr | |||||||||||
| Amahuaca | amc | |||||||||||
| Melpa | med | |||||||||||
| Northern Hindko | hno | |||||||||||
| Boguru | bqu | |||||||||||
| Bwile | bwc | |||||||||||
| Urim | uri | |||||||||||
| Aoheng | pni | |||||||||||
| Pwo Western Karen | pwo | |||||||||||
| Uab Meto | aoz | |||||||||||
| Mongol | mgt | |||||||||||
| Nüpode Huitoto | hux | |||||||||||
| Ratagnon | btn | |||||||||||
| Berti | byt | |||||||||||
| Vlaamse Gebarentaal | vgt | |||||||||||
| Wirangu | wgu | |||||||||||
| Santa Ana de Tusi Pasco Quechua | qxt | |||||||||||
| Tocantins Asurini | asu | |||||||||||
| Malankuravan | mjo | |||||||||||
| Ede Ije | ijj | |||||||||||
| Judeo-Berber | jbe | |||||||||||
| Chayahuita | cbt | |||||||||||
| Walser | wae | |||||||||||
| Wantoat | wnc | |||||||||||
| Rajbanshi | rjs | |||||||||||
| Cicipu | awc | |||||||||||
| North Ambrym | mmg | |||||||||||
| Italian Sign Language | ise | |||||||||||
| Mashi (Nigeria) | jms | |||||||||||
| Chippewa | ciw | |||||||||||
| Wikngenchera | wua | |||||||||||
| Ruuli | ruc | |||||||||||
| Marba | mpg | |||||||||||
| Musi | mui | |||||||||||
| Kanju | kbe | |||||||||||
| Central Asmat | cns | |||||||||||
| Chemakum | xch | |||||||||||
| Soli | sby | |||||||||||
| Mono (Cameroon) | mru | |||||||||||
| Mbangala | mxg | |||||||||||
| Kadaru | kdu | |||||||||||
| Cuba Sign Language | csf | |||||||||||
| Kenyan Sign Language | xki | |||||||||||
| South African Sign Language | sfs | |||||||||||
| Sama | smd | |||||||||||
| South Levantine Arabic | ajp | 11,600,000 | ||||||||||
| Namla | naa | |||||||||||
| Kaiwá | kgk | |||||||||||
| Knaanic | czk | |||||||||||
| Djangun | djf | |||||||||||
| Kangri | xnr | |||||||||||
| Sivandi | siy | |||||||||||
| Saponi | spi | |||||||||||
| Kenswei Nsei | ndb | |||||||||||
| Kisar | kje | |||||||||||
| Dendi (Central African Republic) | deq |