言語は、人間が用いる意志伝達手段であり、社会集団内で形成習得され、意志を相互に伝達することや、抽象的な思考を可能にし、結果として人間の社会的活動や文化的活動を支えている。
言語一覧
言語 | Language Native name | Language name JP | Language family | ISO 639-1 | ISO 639-2/B | ISO 639-2/T | ISO 639-3 | ISO 639-5 | Language Scope | Language Type | native speakers | number of speakers |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mandarin Chinese | cmn | 918,000,000 | 1,116,000,000 | |||||||||
Spanish | español, castellano | スペイン語 | Indo-European | es | spa | spa | spa | Individual | Living | 480,000,000 | 534,300,000 | |
English | English | 英語 | Indo-European | en | eng | eng | eng | Individual | Living | 379,000,000 | 1,132,000,000 | |
Hindi | हिन्दी | ヒンディー語 | Indo-European | hi | hin | hin | hin | Individual | Living | 341,000,000 | 615,400,000 | |
Bengali | বাংলা | ベンガル語 | Indo-European | bn | ben | ben | ben | Individual | Living | 228,000,000 | 265,000,000 | |
Portuguese | português | ポルトガル語 | Indo-European | pt | por | por | por | Individual | Living | 221,000,000 | 234,100,000 | |
Russian | русский язык | ロシア語 | Indo-European | ru | rus | rus | rus | Individual | Living | 154,000,000 | 258,200,000 | |
Japanese | 日本語 | 日本語 | Japonic | ja | jpn | jpn | jpn | Individual | Living | 128,000,000 | 128,300,000 | |
Lahnda | بھارت کا | ラフンダー語 | lah | lah | lah | Macrolanguage | Living | 92,700,000 | 92,700,000 | |||
Marathi | मराठी | マラーティー語 | Indo-European | mr | mar | mar | mar | Individual | Living | 83,100,000 | 95,300,000 | |
Telugu | తెలుగు | テルグ語 | Dravidian | te | tel | tel | tel | Individual | Living | 82,000,000 | 93,000,000 | |
Wu Chinese | wuu | 81,400,000 | 81,500,000 | |||||||||
Turkish | Türkçe | トルコ語 | Turkic | tr | tur | tur | tur | Individual | Living | 79,400,000 | 79,700,000 | |
Korean | 한국어 | 朝鮮語 | Koreanic | ko | kor | kor | kor | Individual | Living | 77,300,000 | 77,200,000 | |
French | français | フランス語 | Indo-European | fr | fre | fra | fra | Individual | Living | 77,200,000 | 279,800,000 | |
German | Deutsch | ドイツ語 | Indo-European | de | ger | deu | deu | Individual | Living | 76,100,000 | 132,100,000 | |
Vietnamese | Tiếng Việt | ベトナム語 | Austroasiatic | vi | vie | vie | vie | Individual | Living | 76,000,000 | 76,900,000 | |
Tamil | தமிழ் | タミル語 | Dravidian | ta | tam | tam | tam | Individual | Living | 75,000,000 | 81,000,000 | |
Yue Chinese | yue | 73,100,000 | 73,500,000 | |||||||||
Urdu | اُردُو | ウルドゥー語 | Indo-European | ur | urd | urd | urd | Individual | Living | 68,600,000 | 170,200,000 | |
Javanese | ꦧꦱꦗꦮ | ジャワ語 | Austronesian | jv | jav | jav | jav | Individual | Living | 68,300,000 | 68,200,000 | |
Italian | italiano, lingua italiana | イタリア語 | Indo-European | it | ita | ita | ita | Individual | Living | 64,800,000 | 67,800,000 | |
Egyptian Arabic | arz | 64,600,000 | 64,600,000 | |||||||||
Gujarati | ગુજરાતી | グジャラート語 | Indo-European | gu | guj | guj | guj | Individual | Living | 56,400,000 | 60,500,000 | |
Iranian Persian | pes | 52,800,000 | ||||||||||
Bhojpuri | भोजपुरी | ボージュプリー語 | bho | bho | bho | Individual | Living | 52,200,000 | 52,400,000 | |||
Min Nan Chinese | nan | 50,100,000 | ||||||||||
Hakka Chinese | hak | 48,200,000 | ||||||||||
Hausa | Harshen Hausa, هَرْشَن | ハウサ語 | Afro-Asiatic | ha | hau | hau | hau | Individual | Living | 43,900,000 | 63,400,000 | |
Kannada | ಕನ್ನಡ | カンナダ語 | Dravidian | kn | kan | kan | kan | Individual | Living | 43,600,000 | 56,400,000 | |
Indonesian | bahasa Indonesia | インドネシア語 | Austronesian | id | ind | ind | ind | Individual | Living | 43,400,000 | 198,700,000 | |
Polish | Język polski | ポーランド語 | Indo-European | pl | pol | pol | pol | Individual | Living | 39,700,000 | ||
Yoruba | èdè Yorùbá | ヨルバ語 | Niger–Congo | yo | yor | yor | yor | Individual | Living | 37,800,000 | ||
Xiang Chinese | hsn | 37,300,000 | ||||||||||
Malayalam | മലയാളം | マラヤーラム語 | Dravidian | ml | mal | mal | mal | Individual | Living | 37,100,000 | ||
Odia | ory | 34,500,000 | ||||||||||
Maithili | मैथिली, মৈথিলী | マイティリー語 | mai | mai | mai | Individual | Living | 33,900,000 | ||||
Burmese | မြန်မာစာ, မြန်မာစကား | ビルマ語 | Sino-Tibetan | my | bur | mya | mya | Individual | Living | 32,900,000 | ||
Sudanese Arabic | apd | 31,900,000 | ||||||||||
Algerian Arabic | arq | 29,400,000 | ||||||||||
Moroccan Arabic | ary | 27,500,000 | ||||||||||
Ukrainian | українська мова | ウクライナ語 | Indo-European | uk | ukr | ukr | ukr | Individual | Living | 27,300,000 | ||
Igbo | Asụsụ Igbo | イボ語 | Niger–Congo | ig | ibo | ibo | ibo | Individual | Living | 27,000,000 | ||
Northern Uzbek | uzn | 25,100,000 | ||||||||||
Sindhi | سنڌي / सिन्धी / ਸਿੰਧੀ | シンド語 | Indo-European | sd | snd | snd | snd | Individual | Living | 24,600,000 | ||
North Levantine Arabic | apc | 24,600,000 | ||||||||||
Romanian | limba română | ルーマニア語/モルドバ語 | Indo-European | ro | rum | ron | ron | Individual | Living | 24,300,000 | ||
Tagalog | Wikang Tagalog | タガログ語 | Austronesian | tl | tgl | tgl | tgl | Individual | Living | 23,600,000 | ||
Dutch | Nederlands, Vlaams | オランダ語 | Indo-European | nl | dut | nld | nld | Individual | Living | 23,100,000 | ||
Gan Chinese | gan | 22,100,000 | ||||||||||
Amharic | አማርኛ | アムハラ語 | Afro-Asiatic | am | amh | amh | amh | Individual | Living | 21,900,000 | ||
Northern Pashto | pbu | 20,900,000 | ||||||||||
Thai | ภาษาไทย | タイ語 | Tai–Kadai | th | tha | tha | tha | Individual | Living | 20,700,000 | 60,600,000 | |
Magahi | मगही | マガヒー語 | mag | mag | mag | Individual | Living | 20,700,000 | ||||
Saraiki | skr | 20,000,000 | ||||||||||
Chhattisgarhi | hne | 16,300,000 | ||||||||||
Somali | af Soomaali | ソマリ語 | Afro-Asiatic | so | som | som | som | Individual | Living | 16,200,000 | ||
Malay | Bahasa Melayu | マレー語 | Austronesian | ms | may | msa | msa | Macrolanguage | Living | 16,100,000 | ||
Cebuano | Sinugbuanong Binisayâ | セブアノ語 | ceb | ceb | ceb | Individual | Living | 15,900,000 | ||||
Nepali | नेपाली भाषा | ネパール語 | Indo-European | ne | nep | nep | nep | Macrolanguage | Living | 15,800,000 | ||
Mesopotamian Arabic | acm | 15,700,000 | ||||||||||
Assamese | অসমীয়া | アッサム語 | Indo-European | as | asm | asm | asm | Individual | Living | 15,300,000 | ||
Northern Kurdish | kmr | 14,600,000 | ||||||||||
Nigerian Fulfulde | fuv | 14,500,000 | ||||||||||
Bavarian | bar | 14,100,000 | ||||||||||
South Azerbaijani | azb | 13,800,000 | ||||||||||
Chittagonian | ctg | 13,000,000 | ||||||||||
Kazakh | қазақ тілі / qazaq tili | カザフ語 | Turkic | kk | kaz | kaz | kaz | Individual | Living | 12,900,000 | ||
Deccan | dcc | 12,800,000 | ||||||||||
Hungarian | magyar nyelv | ハンガリー語 | Uralic | hu | hun | hun | hun | Individual | Living | 12,600,000 | ||
Kinyarwanda | ルワンダ語 | Niger–Congo | rw | kin | kin | kin | Individual | Living | 12,100,000 | |||
Zulu | isiZulu | ズールー語 | Niger–Congo | zu | zul | zul | zul | Individual | Living | 12,100,000 | ||
Tunisian Arabic | aeb | 11,600,000 | ||||||||||
South Levantine Arabic | ajp | 11,600,000 | ||||||||||
Min Bei Chinese | mnp | 11,000,000 | ||||||||||
Southern Pashto | pbt | 10,900,000 | ||||||||||
Rundi | Ikirundi | ルンディ語 | Niger–Congo | rn | run | run | run | Individual | Living | 10,800,000 | ||
Czech | čeština, český jazyk | チェコ語 | Indo-European | cs | cze | ces | ces | Individual | Living | 10,700,000 | ||
Sylheti | syl | 10,300,000 | ||||||||||
Min Dong Chinese | cdo | 10,300,000 | ||||||||||
Rumu | klq | |||||||||||
Korana | kqz | |||||||||||
Duungooma | dux | |||||||||||
Wotjobaluk | xwt | |||||||||||
Naluo Yi | ylo | |||||||||||
A'ou | aou | |||||||||||
Sawknah | swn | |||||||||||
Angami Naga | njm | |||||||||||
Cogui | kog | |||||||||||
Ketum | ktt | |||||||||||
Embaloh | emb | |||||||||||
Samatao | ysd | |||||||||||
Asuri | asr | |||||||||||
Tay Boi | tas | |||||||||||
Belarusian | Беларуская мова | ベラルーシ語 | Indo-European | be | bel | bel | bel | Individual | Living | |||
ǃXóõ | nmn | |||||||||||
Nottoway | ntw | |||||||||||
Kofyar | kwl | |||||||||||
Even | eve | |||||||||||
Isthmus Zapotec | zai |